he global logistics industry was valued at US$3.5 trillion in 2005, whereas US logistics industry size was around US$900 billion, 25% of the global logistics industry. Logistics costs in India are estimated to be around 13% of the GDP, which comes to around US$94 billion in 2005-06. However, India’s spending on logistics industry is much higher than the developed economies like the US (9.5%) and Japan (10.5%).
Marine transport sector contributes over 0.2% to the country’s GDP at constant prices (1999-2000 prices). Transport sector’s contribution to the GDP has been increasing because of the growing economic activities in the country. Shipping industry plays a significant role in the Indian economy. India has 12 major and 187 minor/intermediate ports along its coastline of around 7,517km. The fleet strength at the end of December 2006 was 774 vessels with 8.42m Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT).
Ports serve as the gateways to the international trade in India. Major ports in India together have handled 463.84m tonnes of cargo in 2006-07, a growth of 9.51% against the same period of the previous year. The petroleum-oil-lubricants (POL) accounted for 33.38% of the total traffic at major ports during April-March 2007, while iron ore constituted 17.37%, coal 2.98%, container traffic 15.84%, fertiliser 3.04%, and others 17.49%.
According to the Planning Commission, India’s shipping fleet strength will be increased up to15m GRT by the end of 2011-12, with an estimated investment of US$17.7 billion. The port throughput will increase up to 1,008m tonnes, growing at a CAGR of 10.96% from 2007-08 to 2011-12.
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